MySQL

MySQL is an open-source relational database management system created by Michael Widenius and David Axmark in 1995. It became the default database for web applications during the LAMP era and remains one of the most widely deployed databases. Oracle acquired MySQL through its purchase of Sun Microsystems in 2010 and continues to develop it.

The current long-term support release is MySQL 8.4. MySQL uses InnoDB as its default storage engine, providing ACID transactions, row-level locking, and foreign key constraints. The 9.0 innovation track introduces vector column types for AI workloads and JavaScript stored procedures. MySQL supports multiple replication topologies including source-replica, group replication for automatic failover, and InnoDB Cluster for integrated high availability.

The official documentation covers the SQL reference, administration, and connector APIs. The server source code is on GitHub under the GPL.